Platt-LePage
Aircraft Co.
This Section maintained by Jay Hendrickson
Dr .Wynn Laurence LePage was a pioneer rotary wing designer working with
Harold Pitcairn, and Later with Kellett Autogiro, LePage designed the first
line of autogiros, K-2, K-3, and K-4, establishing Kellet as manufacturer of good
performing autogiros. In 1935, due to the effects of the economic depression in the
1930’s, Laurence LePage left Kellett to become an
independent engineer, by 1935, LePage met and became partners with Haviland H. Platt,
a mechanical engineer and patent expert with a number of rotary wing patents. They
collaborated on a number of ideas for a helicopter, and then hearing of the early
flights of the Focke FA-61, they decided to investigate this promising development.
In 1938 W. Laurence LePage traveled to Germany to view the
Focke Fw-61
helicopter, and after much negotiation obtained an option to build Focke helicopters
in the USA, but the worsening conditions between the two governments prevented a deal
going through. In November of 1938, Platt and LePage formed The Platt-LePage Aircraft
Company, and abandoned talks with the German government to import a Focke helicopter.
They proceeded on their own to design a helicopter based on their patents and ideas.
Design and construction was started on an experimental helicopter PL-1, with Laurence
LePage keeping the U.S. Air Corps informed of their progress during the early construction
of their machine. At this time there were no funds for the U.S. Air Corps to purchase a
helicopter, so the Platt-LePage design went forward as a private venture, later with
the passage of the Dorsey Bill H.R.8143, the U.S. Air Corps held a competition for
Rotary Winged Aircraft, and Platt-LePage redesigned the PL-1 to meet military needs
and the design became known as the PL-3.
In July 1940 the Platt-LePage Aircraft Co. won the competition to build a helicopter
designated XR-1.
The first flight of the XR-1 took place in May 12 1941, a number of teething problems
developed with the control system, causing delays in progress, along with test pilot
Lou Leavitt refusing to fly the XR-1 in forward flight. In June of 1943
Col. H.F. Gregory took the XR-1 up and proceeded to fly the XR-1 at speeds of up to 100 miles
per hour, and completed the first close course flight of the XR-1. By the summer
of 1943 the XR-1 was flying with much better control, when on July 4, 1943 the XR-1 was
damaged in a crack up due to the loss of a rotor blade, further slowing testing.
In October 1943 the second model XR-1A made its first flight, and was found to have better
flying characteristics than the XR-1, numerous flight tests were carried out, and by
June of 1944 the XR-1A was flown from Eddystone Pennsylvania, to Wright field in
Dayton Ohio, passing through a dangerous mountain pass and flying through a long stretch
of bad weather, during which the XR-1A encountered a grounded
Sikorsky XR-4
along the way.
By August of 1944 rebuilt XR-1 was back in the air and slowly progress was made in solving
the control problems, In March of 1945 just a few days after a new control system was
installed that solved some the problems with longitudinal stability, the Air Corps.
Cancelled all contracts with Platt-LePage, including seven additional YR-1A helicopters
that were to be built.
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By this time the McDonnell Aircraft Co. which had invested in Platt-LePage Aircraft,
in exchange for having McDonnell personnel learn helicopter design, had bought the rights
to the PL-9 twin-engine twin-rotor design that became the
McDonnell XHJD-1 Whirlaway
the first twin engine helicopter to fly in the USA. During this time period, Platt and LePage
had proposed and patented the first
Tilt-Rotor Aircraft
design in the USA, but the small size and lack of capital of Platt-LePage Aircraft, along with lack of orders for military
aircraft caused the Platt-LePage Aircraft Co. to shut down in August of 1946. The McDonnell
Aircraft Co. obtained most of the helicopter patents from Platt-LePage during the
liquidation of the company, along with the personnel responsible for the twin engine
project. Robert Lichten an ex-Platt-LePage engineer went to Bell Helicopter and developed
the Tilt-Rotor idea into the
XV-3
, an examination of the original patent by Haviland
Platt shows a remarkable similarity between the two ideas, and Bell Aircraft eventually
paid Haviland Platt for the use of his patent. One other notable designer came from
Platt-LePage; a very young Frank Piasecki had his first helicopter design job at
Platt-LePage, before going off on his own, to a brilliant career as one of the
great designers of helicopters.
There were a number of firsts at Platt-LePage Aircraft, in spite of their failure to
enter full scale production of their helicopter. They proposed the first helicopter gunship,
a large twin engine helicopter, and their early design work with the
Tilt-Rotor
concept.
Later a number of people went on to become famous in the field of helicopter design, such
as Frank Piasecki, Alan Price and Robert Lichten, all got their start at Platt-LePage Aircraft.
XR-1A being accepted at Wright Field, Col. H.F. Gregory shaking hands with Dr. W. Laurence
LePage June 21 1944
Dr. Wynn Laurence LePage and Haviland Hull Platt have a place in the pioneering days
of rotary wing flight, through their ideas and designs that began in the early days of
helicopter experimentation, and have now become an everyday part of modern life.
Platt-LePage and modern gunships
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